
Read the following characteristics of an organism.
(i) Soft, dorsoventrally flattened, leaf-like body.
(ii) Head lone bears mouth surrounded by oral suckers.
(iii) Presence of excretory system and sense organ.
(iv) considerable osmotic adaptability.
Based on the above characteristics, identify the animal and select the correct option.
A)Taenia solium
B)Fasciola hepatica
C)Wuchereria bancrofti
D)Leucosolenia
Answer
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Hint:For this question, try matching all the points with the organism given. The common names are as follows, Taenia solium - Tapeworm, Fasciola hepatica - Liver fluke, Wuchereria bancrofti - Filarial worm and Leucosolenia - Calcareous sponge.
Complete answer:
Option A : Taenia solium is commonly known as pork tapeworm which is a Ribbon shaped, digenetic endoparasite. The adults of Taenia solium are parasites in the small intestine of human beings as primary hosts and its larvae infect the muscles of pigs as secondary hosts. It belongs to class Cestoda of Platyhelminthes phylum.
It possesses the following characteristics:
i) The body is covered with a cuticle but devoid of cilia.
ii) the body is generally divided into a few to many proglottids (not true segments).
iii) The anterior end is provided with adhesive structures like hooks and suckers
iv) Mouth and alimentary canal is absent.
Therefore, this is the incorrect answer.
Option B : Fasciola hepatica is commonly known as liver fluke, lives in the liver and Bile ducts of higher animals. It belongs to the class trematoda of Platyhelminthes phylum.
It possesses the following characteristics:
(i) Soft, dorsoventrally flattened, leaf-like body.
(ii) Head lone bears mouth surrounded by the oral sucker.
(iii) The presence of an excretory system with specialized flame cells and sense organs.
(iv) They have considerable osmotic adaptability.
(v) these are parasitic worms devoid of cilia.
Therefore, this is the correct answer.
Option C : Wuchereria bancrofti is commonly known as filaria worm. It belongs to phylum aschelminthes.
It possesses the following characteristics:
i) Body is elongated, cylindrical which tapers towards both ends.
ii) They possess the pseudocoelom and hence called pseudocoelomates.
iii) they are triploblastic.
iv) Digestive system is complete, having two separate openings.
iv) It causes a slowly developing chronic inflammation of organs in which they live for many years, usually the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs and the disease is called filariasis or elephantiasis.
Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.
Option D : Lecosolenia belongs to phylum porifera.They are overall shape is sometimes likened to a tiny bunch of bananas. They are most often observed in tide pools, clustered around the base of seaweeds or on rocks, and occur in a variety of colours, usually rather pale.
It possesses the following characteristics:
i) Its canal system is of asconoid type.
ii) they reproduce both asexually and sexually. asexual reproduction by budding and sexual reproduction takes place by formation of gametes, i.e., ova and sperms.
iii) they are hermaphrodites, because both the gametes are formed in the body of the same individual.
iv) these sponges are exclusively Marine and found in Shallow water.
v) The collared flagellated cells (choanocytes) are large
Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B) Fasciola hepatica.
Note:Characteristics feature of platyhelminthes:
>These are bilaterally symmetrical animals as their body can be divided in two identical left and right half bi a vertical plane passing through the central axis of the body.
>They are triploblastic.
>Acoelomate animals.
>Flame cells are specialised cells of Platyhelminthes which help in the excretion as well as osmoregulation.
Complete answer:
Option A : Taenia solium is commonly known as pork tapeworm which is a Ribbon shaped, digenetic endoparasite. The adults of Taenia solium are parasites in the small intestine of human beings as primary hosts and its larvae infect the muscles of pigs as secondary hosts. It belongs to class Cestoda of Platyhelminthes phylum.
It possesses the following characteristics:
i) The body is covered with a cuticle but devoid of cilia.
ii) the body is generally divided into a few to many proglottids (not true segments).
iii) The anterior end is provided with adhesive structures like hooks and suckers
iv) Mouth and alimentary canal is absent.
Therefore, this is the incorrect answer.
Option B : Fasciola hepatica is commonly known as liver fluke, lives in the liver and Bile ducts of higher animals. It belongs to the class trematoda of Platyhelminthes phylum.
It possesses the following characteristics:
(i) Soft, dorsoventrally flattened, leaf-like body.
(ii) Head lone bears mouth surrounded by the oral sucker.
(iii) The presence of an excretory system with specialized flame cells and sense organs.
(iv) They have considerable osmotic adaptability.
(v) these are parasitic worms devoid of cilia.
Therefore, this is the correct answer.
Option C : Wuchereria bancrofti is commonly known as filaria worm. It belongs to phylum aschelminthes.
It possesses the following characteristics:
i) Body is elongated, cylindrical which tapers towards both ends.
ii) They possess the pseudocoelom and hence called pseudocoelomates.
iii) they are triploblastic.
iv) Digestive system is complete, having two separate openings.
iv) It causes a slowly developing chronic inflammation of organs in which they live for many years, usually the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs and the disease is called filariasis or elephantiasis.
Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.
Option D : Lecosolenia belongs to phylum porifera.They are overall shape is sometimes likened to a tiny bunch of bananas. They are most often observed in tide pools, clustered around the base of seaweeds or on rocks, and occur in a variety of colours, usually rather pale.
It possesses the following characteristics:
i) Its canal system is of asconoid type.
ii) they reproduce both asexually and sexually. asexual reproduction by budding and sexual reproduction takes place by formation of gametes, i.e., ova and sperms.
iii) they are hermaphrodites, because both the gametes are formed in the body of the same individual.
iv) these sponges are exclusively Marine and found in Shallow water.
v) The collared flagellated cells (choanocytes) are large
Therefore, this is an incorrect answer.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B) Fasciola hepatica.
Note:Characteristics feature of platyhelminthes:
>These are bilaterally symmetrical animals as their body can be divided in two identical left and right half bi a vertical plane passing through the central axis of the body.
>They are triploblastic.
>Acoelomate animals.
>Flame cells are specialised cells of Platyhelminthes which help in the excretion as well as osmoregulation.
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