Question

Razia Begum, who ascended the throne of Delhi and came to be known as ‘Sultana’, was the daughter of __________.
A. Qutub-ud-din Aibak
B. Ghiyas-ud-din Balban
C. Iltutmish
D. Alauddin Khiji

Answer 1

Hint:
- He was the strongest of Delhi 's slave rulers. He moved his capital to Delhi from Lahore.
- For the empire, he set up administrative machinery.
- The two Sultanate coins, the silver tanka and the copper jital, were introduced.
- The Iqtadari scheme was also implemented in which the kingdom was divided into Iqtas, allocated to nobles in return for salary.

Complete answer:
Razia Begum/Razia Sultan –
- Born in 1205 as the daughter of Iltutmish.
- Her father supported her with a sound education.
- She was Delhi's first and last Muslim woman to rule.
- Often referred to as Razia al-Din,
- The kingdom was briefly handed over to her half-brother, Rukn ud-din Firuz, before rising to the throne of Delhi after the death of her father. But after the assassination of Firuz, the nobles decided to position Razia on the throne within six months of his ascendancy.
- She was regarded as a monarch who was effective and just.
- She was married to the governor of Bathinda, Malik Ikhtiar-ud-din Altunia.
- Reportedly, she was killed by her brother's forces.
- Her brother was succeeded by Muizuddin Bahram Shah.

Iltutmish (Reign: 1211 – 1236) –
- Aram Shah was a dictator who was frail. Whether or not he was a son of Aibak is not clear. A party of nobles had conspired against him, inviting Shamsuddin Iltutmish to be the emperor.
- Iltutmish was Aibak's son-in - law. He ruled the northern Indian Ghurid region.
- Born in Central Asia, he was a Turkic slave.
- In the 1210s, Iltutman 's forces conquered Bihar and invaded Bengal in 1225.
- Iltutmish overlooked the Indus River Valley during the first half of the 1220s, which was disputed between the Mongols, the Khwarazm kings, and Qabacha. Qabacha took over the area after the decline of the Mongol and Khwarazmian threat, but in 1228-1229 Iltutmish invaded his territory.
- He defended his kingdom against invaders from the Mongols and opposed the Rajputs as well.
- He died in 1236 and his daughter Razia Sultana succeeded him as he did not regard his sons as equal to the mission.

Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note:

- The next notable ruler after Razia was Ghiyas ud din Balban (Reign: 1266-1287).He was the Wazir of Nasir-ud-din-Mahmud 's grandson, Iltutmish.

- Iltutmish died in 1236 and his daughter Razia Sultana succeeded him as he did not regard his sons as equal to the mission.