Question

Question: The catalyst used in the Deacon’s process for the manufacture of chlorine?
A: $Pt$
B: $CuC{l_2}$
C: ${V_2}{O_5}$
D: $Fe$

Answer 1

Hint: A catalyst fastens the rate of reaction in a given condition without consuming or taking part in reaction, it does not react with main reactants but increases the rate of reaction.

Complete step by step answer:
In Deacon’s process chlorine $Cl$ is made by oxidation of $HCl$ (Hydrochloric acid), Oxygen ${O_2}$ is taken from atmosphere and all reaction takes place at $723K$ in presence of catalyst cupric chloride $CuC{l_2}$.
Reaction involved in the process is given below
$4HCl + {O_2}\xrightarrow{{CuC{l_2}}}2C{l_2} + 2{H_2}O$

Additional information:
Working of a catalyst: A catalyst does not get self consumed in the reaction but makes the reactants react faster by reducing their activation energy or changing the mechanism. Also it can make a reaction to react at lower temperature than the original reaction would have taken without the catalyst.
Some natural catalysts are also present in our body in the form of enzymes which speeds up our metabolic function such as digestion. If these enzymes were not present in our body then food will take so long to digest in our body system. Example: Amylase, Protease, Lipase.
Deacon’s Process: It was discovered by Henry Deacon. In the past it was the process to manufacture chlorine commercially by oxidation of hydrochloric acid gas with atmospheric oxygen using cupric chloride as a catalyst but now a day’s better and modified processes are used for the commercial manufacturing.
Uses of Chlorine: It is used in swimming pools to disinfect them also it is used to clean drinking water. It is used in bleaching agents. It is used to make PVCs and many other daily products we use in our daily life such as cosmetics etc. Some mixtures of chlorine and hydrogen are highly explosive and used in making bombs.
Properties of chlorine: It is greenish-yellow gas at room temperature. It is soluble in water. It is highly corrosive. It has a pungent and irritating odor.

Note: Keep in mind that IUPAC name of catalyst is cupric chloride $\left( {CuC{l_2}} \right)$ and it is not consumed in the reaction and in the specific process like deacon’s process only this catalyst is used so other compound having same property can’t be the answer. Deacon’s process is mainly used to produce chlorine commercially.