Question

Pteridophyte is also known as
a) Cryptogams
b) Phanerogams
c) Dicot
d) Both A and B

Answer 1

Hint: Pteridophytes are vascular plants that disperse spores. They produce neither flowers nor seeds. They have hidden reproduction presents. They include a high variety of fern plants. They mostly grow in the moist and shady places. They also grow well in the dry places.

Complete answer:
Pteridophytes are also known as the cryptogams. They are called so because they produce neither flowers nor seeds. The pteridophytes reproduce both by the vegetative and sexual methods. The vegetative reproduction helps the plant to increase in population when conditions are unfavorable. By this method, a large number of individuals are produced which are identical to each other. Vegetative reproduction occurs in the fragmentation process. In the reproductive method, there is the presence of a spike at the end branches of the plant. They contain sporophylls and are arranged in the form of clusters. Some sporangia possess large spores called megaspores and are borne on the megasporophyll. The sporangia which bear the microspores are called microsporophylls. The heterosporous form micro and the megaspores which give rise to the male and female gamete. The fusion between the male gamete antheridia and the female gamete archegonia leads to the formation of the diploid zygote. This zygote gives rise to the sporophyte, which forms the haploid spores. They then form the gamete hence, completing the life cycle.

So, the answer is ‘cryptogams’.

Note: Pteridophytes have the absence of flowers and seeds in their reproductive cycle. They produce either homosporous or heterosporous. The gametophyte is monoecious if the plant is homosporous and is dioecious if the plant is heterosporous.