Question

Who proposed a five-kingdom classification and named kingdoms as Monera, Fungi, Protista, Plantae, and Animalia?
A.Herbert Copeland
B.R. H. Whittaker
C.Carl Woese
D.Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 1

Hint:The Classification was proposed in 1969 by an American plant ecologist. The organisms, both uni and multi-cellular, were divided into 5 categories namely, monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia based on different parameters. The purpose of categorization was to make the identification process easier and organized.

Complete answer: 1. Five Kingdom classifications were proposed in 1969. The classification was done on the basis of cell structure, thallus organizations, and mode of nutrition, reproduction, and phylogenetic relationships. It was proposed by R.H. Whittaker.
2. The living organisms are subdivided into five major kingdoms which are named as follows:
a) Kingdom Monera(approx. 10,000 species)
b) Kingdom Protista (approx. 250,000 species)
c) Kingdom Fungi (approx. 100,000 species)
d) Kingdom Plantae (approx. 250,000 species)
e) Kingdom Animalia (approx. 1,000,000 species)
3. Kingdom Monera is constituted of unicellular eubacteria and cyanobacteria. All the organisms in this kingdom are prokaryotic (Without nuclei and membrane-bound organelles).
4. The organisms in the rest four of the kingdoms have eukaryotic cells with nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.
5. Kingdom Protista includes unicellular protozoans as well as unicellular and multicellular microscopic algae.
6. Kingdom Fungi constitutes multicellular heterotrophic organisms that have haploid and dikaryotic cells.
7. The organisms in Kingdom Plantae are mostly autotrophic and have haplo-diploid life cycles.
8. Kingdom Animalia constitutes multicellular heterotrophic organisms which are devoid of the cell wall and photosynthetic pigments.
The correct answer to this question is option B.

Additional information:
There is a significant difference in the lipid composition of cell membranes, cell wall composition, and ribosomal RNA subunit sequence of archaebacteria in comparison with both prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.

Note: Kingdoms are divided into categories called phyla, each phylum is divided into classes. Further, the classes are divided into orders, the orders are then categorized into families. The families are subdivided into general. Each genus is constituted of different species. A species represents a single kind of organism, for example, Homo sapiens (human beings).