Question

What is the proper sequence in mitosis?

Answer 1

Hint: Mitosis is a stage of the cell cycle during which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. Cell division produces genetically identical cells with the same total number of chromosomes.

Complete answer:
Mitosis consists of two major events: karyokinesis, or nucleus duplication, and cytokinesis, or cytoplasm division. Following this, the daughter cells are separated. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase are the four stages of karyokinesis.

Prophase: Prophase occurs immediately after the S and G2 phases of the cycle and is characterized by genetic material condensation to form compact mitotic chromosomes composed of two chromatids attached at the centromere. The completion of the prophase is marked by the initiation of the assembly of the mitotic spindle, microtubules, and proteinaceous cytoplasmic components that aid in the process.

Metaphase: At this point, the microtubules begin to pull the chromosomes with equal force, and the chromosome ends up in the centre of the cell. The metaphase plate is the name given to this region. As a result, each cell receives a fully functional genome.

Anaphase: Anaphase begins with the separation of the sister chromatids. These sister chromatids become the daughter nuclei's chromosomes. The fibres attached to the kinetochores of each chromosome then pull the chromosomes towards the pole. Each chromosome's centromere leads at the edge, with the arms trailing behind it.

Telophase: As the nuclear envelope forms around it, the chromosomes that cluster at the two poles begin to coalesce into an undifferentiated mass. The nucleolus, Golgi bodies, and ER complex, which had vanished during prophase, begin to reappear.

Telophase is followed by cytokinesis or the division of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. As a result, it denotes the end of cell division.

Thus, the proper sequence in mitosis is Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and Telophase.


Note: Mitosis' Importance
- Mitosis is in charge of the zygote's development into an adult.
- Each daughter cell receives an equal number of chromosomes.
- It is in charge of an individual's growth and development.
- It keeps the number of chromosomes constant in all body cells of an organism.
- Mitosis is necessary for asexual reproduction, vegetative propagation, and responsible for the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues.
- Mitosis contributes to genome purity by preventing recombination and crossing over.
- It is in charge of the repair and regeneration of old and damaged cells in animals, such as gut epithelium and blood cells.