Question

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic flagella differ in
(a)Type of movement and placement
(b)Location and mode of functioning
(c)Microtubular structure and function
(d)Microtubular and type of movement

Answer 1

Hint: Flagellum is defined as a long appendage or tail that is used as a whip. It is found attached to the cell body of bacteria and sperm cells. The main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella lies in the arrangement of a structure which also helps in cytoskeleton formation.

Complete answer:

Eukaryotic flagellum	Prokaryotic Flagellum
- Eukaryotes have thick flagella.	-Prokaryotes have thinner flagella
-It shows the bending movement.	-It shows rotary motion.
-They have a complex sliding filament system.	-They have a rotary motor
-The movement is driven by the use of ATP.	-The movement is driven by the proton.
-They have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.	-They don't have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.

Additional Information:
  -Flagella are filamentous protein structures attached to the cell surface that provide the swimming movement for most motile prokaryotes and in some eukaryotes.
-The structure of a flagellum can only be seen in the electron microscope because the size is 20 nm and up to 15 or 20m long.

So, the correct answer is ‘Microtubular and type of movement’.

Note: -In the 9+2 microtubule arrangement, there are nine fused pairs of microtubules on the outside of a cylinder and the two fused microtubules in the center.
-Monotrichous bacteria are those bacteria that have one flagellum located at the end thus also known as a polar flagellum.
-Amphitrichous bacteria are those bacteria that have a cluster of flagella at one or both ends.