Question

Prepare a table having two columns depicting names of endocrine glands and hormones secreted by them.

Answer 1

Hint: Endocrine glands are certain glands whose secretions are released directly into the bloodstream. Their secretions are not carried by any ducts, so they are also known as ‘ductless glands’.

Complete step by step answer: Hormones are non-nutrient substances that are released in very small amounts (in nanograms) and act as intracellular messengers. These chemical substances are produced by endocrine glands. Some of the examples of endocrine glands are the pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, the parathyroid gland, thymus and gonads (testes in male and ovary in female). Apart from the endocrine glands, there are tissues that secrete hormones. They are liver, kidney and the heart.

Endocrine glands	Hormones
Pituitary gland	GH, PRL, TSH, ACTH,LH, FSH,MSH, Oxytocin, vasopressin.
Pineal gland	Melatonin
Thyroid gland	Thyroxine
Parathyroid gland	PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Thymus	Thymosins
Adrenal glands	Adrenaline or epinephrine and nor-adrenaline or nor-epinephrine.
Pancreas	Glucagon and insulin
Testis	Testosterone
ovary	Estrogen and progesterone
Heart	ANF (anti-natriuretic factor)
Kidney	Erythropoiesis

i. GH represents growth hormone.
ii. PRL represents prolactin.
iii. TSH represents thyroid-stimulating hormone.
iv. ACTH represents adrenocorticotropic hormone.
v. LH represents Luteinizing hormone.
vi. FSH represents follicular stimulating hormones.
vii. MSH represents melanocyte-stimulating hormone.

Note: Pituitary gland is also called the master gland of the body. It is divided into two parts; anterior (adenohypophysis) and posterior part (neurohypophysis). GH, PRL, TSH, ACTH, LH, FSH, MSH are secreted by the anterior part of the gland, while oxytocin and vasopressin are stored and released by the posterior part. But the interesting point is that these hormones (oxytocin and vasopressin) are formed inside the hypothalamus, but they are transported to the posterior Pituitary through the bloodstream and released by them.