Question

Plant families like Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae are included in the order polynomials mainly based on
A. Vegetative characters
B. Morphological characters
C. Floral characters
D. Both A and B

Answer 1

Hint: Flowers have different features so to make the study easier we have grouped them into various families. So each family has different unique features in the respective stamens, ovary place, corolla etc. Dicots have a specialized feature of having two cotyledons.

Complete answer:
- Solanales, with single superior ovary and stamens adnate to corolla, are included in the asterid group of dicotyledons.
- The Solanales order includes solanaceae and Convolvulaceae.
- Convolvulaceae or morning glory family has trees, shrubs and herbs.
- The Solanaceae, or nightshades, ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees ornamentals.

Let us see the options in the questions.
> Option A: Vegetative Characters-The vegetative characters of plants includes the study of the shoot system and root system. Vegetative parts include roots, stems, shoot buds, and leaves. They often are used in asexual forms of reproduction such as cuttings, budding etc. this is common in many plants belonging to different families.

> Option B: Morphological characters - Structural features like Shape, size, color etc. are morphological characters of an organism. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of the structure of an organism. They can be the same for different families also as they are only the physical characters.

> Option C: Floral characters-Floral diagram is a graphic representation of flower structure. It shows the number of floral organs, their arrangement and fusion. Different parts of the flower are represented by their respective symbols. The Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae flowers have stamens that are adjacent to the corolla and have a superior ovary which is compound.
Order polynomials have flowers with the stamens adnate to the corolla lobes and a single superior compound ovary which is seen in Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae family.

Hence, The correct answer is option (C).

Note: Simple and concise formula known to describe a flower is known as the floral formula. In this formula, K represents calyx, C=corolla, P= perianth, A=androecium, G=Gynoecium. The various parts of the flowers are represented in this single graphical diagram. It marks the feature of every family thereby, differentiating them all from each other. It is an easy and short way to learn the characters of the flowers.