Question

Pick the odd one out:
A. Inorganic acids: $HCl,HN{O_3},{H_2}S{O_4},HCOOH$
B. Basic Nature: Blood, Baking Soda, Vinegar, Household ammonia

Answer 1

Hint: Inorganic acids are those acids which have no carbon atoms in their structure and are derived from one or more inorganic acids. The compounds which are of basic nature are the ones which are composed of hydroxyl ions and are able to donate lone pairs of electrons to any neutral or positive species.

Complete step by step answer: Let us solve the sub questions one by one.
(i) An inorganic acid (or mineral acid) is an acid (gain electrons) which is derived from one or more than one inorganic compounds. All mineral acids form hydrogen ions and their conjugate bases when made to dissolve in water. The commonly used mineral acids are sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. Inorganic acids have high solubility in water and are insoluble in organic solvents.
Mineral acids are used in many sectors of the chemical industry as feed-stocks for the synthesis of other chemical compounds that can be either organic or inorganic. Large quantities of these acids especially sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid are manufactured for commercial use in large industrial plants. Mineral acids are also used for their corrosive properties.
Thus, the odd one out among all the acids is acetic acid ($HCOOH$).
(ii) The $pH$ of the compounds given in the options are:
Blood: $pH = 7.4$
Baking soda: $pH = 8.2$
Vinegar: $pH = 2.5$
Household ammonia: $pH = 12$
As it is known that the substances whose $pH$is greater than 7 are basic in nature and whose $pH$ is less than 7 are acidic in nature.
Hence, the odd one out among the following compounds is Blood, Baking soda and household ammonia as these are the only ones which are basic in nature.

Note: The substances which do not have a carbon atom in them although they have a structure similar to any compound having a carbon skeleton in them and act like an acid are termed as mineral acid or inorganic acid. They depend on the concept of ‘Like dissolve like’. This means that an inorganic acid can dissolve only another inorganic acid and an organic acid can dissolve only in an organic acid.