Question

Phyllodes and cladodes are examples of
A.Analogous organ
B.Homologous organ
C.Either Analogous organ or Homologous organ
D.Modified stern

Answer 1

Hint: A phyllode is a transformed petiole or shoot that attaches the stem to the leaf and its role resembles those of the leaf. Cladodes are shooting structures where there is no production of leaves. Instead, the roots become flattened and assume the plant's photosynthetic roles.

Complete answer:
In plants, there are few parts that perform a similar function and they may look alike too. But they would have a different origin and anatomy. Such organs are called analogous organs. Phyllodes are flatter, bigger versions of petioles. They are present in most varieties of acacia trees and shrubs. Many phyllodes begin with true leaves as seedlings, but they collapse off after the phyllodes mature.

Phyllodes have an axillary bud. Phyllodes don't have roses or buds. It has no scaly leaves, nodes, and internodes.
In mosses, the phyllodes correspond to the leaf-like structures of the moss plant at the gametophyte level. Phyllodes are not thought to be true leaves, but they are similar in appearance and function. It's because phyllodes don't have blood tissues.
Cladode is a flattened or cylindrical stem. It has one or two internodes. Their stem existence is clear from the fact that they hold buds, scales and flowers. Cladode has restricted growth, adapted to green stems that occur as leaves with spiny edges, such as Ruscus acellus, Asparagus. They can be found in the cluster or in the axil of the scale leaf alone. Examples of an analogous organ are phyllodes and cladodes since both serve the photosynthesis role and are distinct in nature.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: On the other side, there are few parts of the plant that perform a different function and they do not look similar too. But they would have the same origin and anatomy. Such a difference in function and appearance happens due to various reasons. Such organs are called homologous organs.