Question

Pentane has a molecular formula \[{{C}_{5}}{{H}_{12}}\]. It has:
a) 5 covalent bonds
b) 12 covalent bonds
c) 16 covalent bonds
d) 17 covalent bonds

Answer 1

Hint: Start this question by breaking the given compound into two parts. Try to identify the number of carbons in the compound. The first half suggests the number of carbon present in the compound and the second part suggests the number and kind of bond present between the carbon.

Complete step by step answer:
As the name suggests, pentane is made up of ‘pent’ and ‘ane’. Therefore, we can say that it has 5 carbons and it is an alkane. “An alkane is a compound that consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon–carbon bonds are single.”
We have also been provided with its molecular formula - \[{{C}_{5}}{{H}_{12}}\]. The compound has 12 hydrogens.
Let us draw the structure of this compound.

As we can see, there are –
5 C-C single bonds
14 C-H single bonds
Therefore, the answer is – option (c) – Pentane, which has a molecular formula \[{{C}_{5}}{{H}_{12}}\], it has 16 covalent bonds.

Additional Information:
Nomenclature in organic chemistry is very easy. The hydrocarbons with a single bond are called alkanes. Similarly, hydrocarbons with double bonds are called alkenes and hydrocarbons with triple bonds are called alkyne.

Note: The prefixes are given in the table below –