Question

Why is the pancreas referred to as exo-endocrine gland?

Answer 1

Hint: An organ found in the abdomen is the pancreas. In transforming the food we eat into fuel for the cells of the body, it plays an important role. There are two key functions of the pancreas: an exocrine function that assists in digestion and an endocrine function that manages blood sugar.

Complete answer:
The pancreas, as it produces both enzymes and hormones, is known as exo-endocrine happiness. It is an endocrine gland, since it contains several hormones that are directly poured into the blood, such as insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptides. It is a digestive organ as well. It secretes pancreatic juice that assists in nutrient digestion and absorption.

Since it includes both endocrine and exocrine glandular tissue, the pancreas is known as a heterocrine gland. Exocrine tissue makes up about 99 percent of the weight of the pancreas, while the other 1 percent is made up of endocrine tissue. Many tiny masses known as acini are arranged into the exocrine tissue. Small raspberry-like clusters of exocrine cells circling tiny ducts are Acini. The exocrine cells in the acini contain digestive enzymes that enter the ducts and are secreted from the cells.To form larger and larger ducts, the ducts of many acini attach before the products of many acini join the broad pancreatic duct.

The endocrine part of the pancreas consists of small cell bundles called Langerhans islets. To bring hormones to the rest of the body, several capillaries pass through each islet. There are 2 primary groups of endocrine cells: alpha cells and beta cells that make up the islets. The hormone glucagon, which increases blood glucose levels, is released by alpha cells. The hormone insulin is released by beta cells, lowering blood glucose levels.

The exocrine section of the pancreas plays a large part in food digestion. As a thick, acidic fluid called chyme, the stomach slowly releases partly digested food into the duodenum. To complete the digestion of Chyme in the duodenum, the acini of the pancreas secrete pancreatic juice. A combination of sugar, salts, bicarbonate, and several different digestive enzymes is pancreatic juice.In order to protect the intestinal wall and establish the optimal environment for the functioning of pancreatic enzymes, the bicarbonate ions found in pancreatic juice neutralise the acid in the chyme. Each of the pancreatic enzymes specialises in digesting particular chyme-based compounds.

The endocrine part of the pancreas regulates the bloodstream's glucose homeostasis. It is necessary to maintain blood glucose levels within certain limits so that there is a constant supply of glucose to fuel the body's cells, but not so much that glucose will damage the kidneys and other organs. To regulate blood sugar, the pancreas produces 2 antagonistic hormones: glucagon and insulin.

Note: Pancreatic fluids may build up in the pancreas if the ducts leading from the pancreas are blocked in any way, such as when a gallstone blocks Vater's ampulla, and may then be enabled to digest the pancreas itself. This disease is called acute pancreatitis. We call it chronic pancreatitis if the onset is progressive and longer-term.