Question

"Palade particles" are __________.
A)Ribosomes
B)Golgi vesicles
C)Lysosomes
D)Sphaerosomes

Answer 1

Hint: Palade saw that in the cytoplasm, the particles were both on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and free. Although the ER was recognized in 1945 (Porter et al., 1945), the terms ER, ergastoplasm, and basophilic cytoplasm were still almost interchangeably used by 1955, the last in relation to the staining with basic dyes of RNA-rich areas.

Complete answer:
In 1955, as Palade fragments, where protein production happens in the cell, George Palade discovered previously unknown organelles in the cell. Ribosomes were renamed later, and are now well established as protein synthesis sites. Ribosomes are minute particles that work to synthesize proteins consisting of RNA and associated proteins. Many cellular functions, such as repairing damage or directing chemical processes, require proteins. Within the cytoplasm, ribosomes may be found floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Some chromosomes have DNA parts that encode ribosomal RNA, a type of structural RNA that combines to create the ribosome with proteins. The new ribosomal RNA in the nucleolus interacts with proteins to form the subunits of the ribosome. Ribosomes are "Palade particles".

Two kinds of ribosomes are available, free and fixed (also known as membrane bound). In structure, they are identical but differ in locations within the cell. In the cytosol, free ribosomes are located and are able to move throughout the cell, whereas the rER is attached to fixed ribosomes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: Ribosomes have two primary functions: the decoding of the message and peptide bond formation. These two activities reside in the ribosomal subunits, two large particles of ribonucleoprotein (RNPs) of unequal size. One or more ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and many ribosomal proteins are made from each subunit.