Question

How do organisms, whether reproduced asexually or sexually, maintain a constant chromosome number through several generations? Explain with the help of suitable examples.

Answer 1

Hint: Reproduction is an essential phenomenon to maintain the progeny in the growing world. There are two types of reproduction mainly one is sexual reproduction that involves fusion of gamete and introduces genetic variability other is asexual reproduction that do not involves fusion of gamete.

Complete answer:
In each sexual and asexual reproduction, there's nice importance of maintaining a continuing range of chromosomes. however the method mechanism is dissimilar in each sort of reproduction.
just in case of asexual reproduction, the complete set of chromosomes is replicated and transferred to following generation.
 Deoxyribonucleic acid repeating is in the course of the creation of a further cellular material, when that the deoxyribonucleic acid copies separate, every with its own cellular equipment.
Effectively, a cell divides to allow rise to 2 cells. Thus, body range remains unchanged.
For example: duplicate of amoeba by binary fission.
Just in case of amphimixis, that is sexual reproduction the body range is halved to create gametes. Then these gametes mix to revive the initial body range.
For example: within the case of humans they need forty six chromosomes gift during a cell, throughout replica gametes are units generated that embrace 0.5 the quantity i.e. 23.
Now, once feminine sex cell containing twenty three chromosomes is combined with male sex cell with twenty three chromosomes, the quantity is rehabilitated to original forty six (23+23).
In sexual reproduction when meiosis occurs it leads to reduction in chromosome number so ensures maintenance of chromosomes . Meiosis is called a reductional division. It has four stages: prophase , metaphase , anaphase and telophase.

Note:
These chromosome numbers have to be maintained in an individual so as to ensure fertile continuation of generation. If chromosome numbers are not maintained the organisms produced may be sterile . They may have additional copies of chromosomes or may have a lack of chromosomes .