Question

Nuclear material of bacterial cell is known as
A. Nucleus
B. Nucleolus
C. Plasmid
D. Nucleoids

Answer 1

Hint: The bacterial cell is known as a prokaryotic cell as they do not have specific nucleus or nuclear membrane. Their nuclear region is poorly developed.

Complete Answer:
Bacteria are prokaryotes, with no well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and chromosomes consisting of a single closed DNA circle. They come in several shapes and sizes, from minute balls, tubes and spiral loops to flagellate rods and filamentous strings. They are present almost everywhere on Earth and survive in some of the most unique and seemingly inhospitable locations. A bacterial cell may possess cytoplasm, cytoplasmic membrane, flagella, nucleoid, pili, cell wall, ribosomes, etc.
Bacteria do not have a real nucleus. Instead of the nucleus they have an incipient nucleus named nucleoid or genophore. The nucleoid is the region of the cytoplasm where the chromosomal DNA are found. This region is not a membranous nucleus, but actually a cytoplasmic area where DNA strands are present. Many bacteria have a single, circular chromosome which can create replication, but a few species have two or more. In cytoplasm smaller circular auxiliary DNA strands or plasmids are also present.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. i.e., Nucleoids.

Note:Bacteria can be categorized into three groups based on their reaction to gaseous oxygen. Aerobic bacteria need oxygen for their survival and life and will die without it. Anaerobic bacteria cannot withstand atmospheric oxygen at all and die when exposed to it. Facultative anaerobes need oxygen, but they will survive without it.