Question

Normal blood pressure of human being must be
A. 140/80mmHg
B. 160/100mmHg
C. 120/80mmHg
D. 140/90mmHg

Answer 1

Hint: Blood pressure comprises systolic and diastolic pressure and is measured by sphygmomanometer. It helps in determining oxygen content in the body, heart rate, respiration rate and to determine whether the patient is healthy or not. High and low blood pressure leads to many diseases.

Complete answer:
Blood is the body fluid flowing in blood vessels of the body and it helps in the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, wastes and energy in various parts of the body. The force per unit area of blood vessels exerted by blood is called blood pressure.
Various ranges of blood pressure are :
i. Normal blood pressure -120/80mmHg 120 is the systolic pressure and 80 is the diastolic pressure.
ii. Hypotension-When systolic pressure is less than 90mmHg.
iii. Elevated - 120-129 systolic and diastolic less than 80mmHg.
iv. Hypertension stage 1: Diastolic 80-89mmHg and systolic 130-139 mmHg.
v. Hypertension stage 2: Diastolic minimum 90 and a systolic minimum of 140 mmHg.
vi. Hypertensive crisis: Diastolic more than 120 and systolic more than 180 mmHg.
Systolic blood pressure is the pressure exerted by the blood flowing in the arteries when the heart pumps the blood. It continuously changes. Normal systolic pressure is 120 mmHg.Systolic pressure increases during exercise stress and low systolic pressure cause headache, dizziness or in severe cases cardiomyopathy. Diastolic pressure is the pressure exerted by blood against arteries at the time of filling of the heart with blood. Normal diastolic pressure is 80mmHg. Diastolic pressure increases during rest and decreases because of dehydration, dilation of arteries etc.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Blood pressure is regulated by the endocrine system, cardiac activity, diseases, pregnancy. Hypertension for a long time results in heart diseases and stroke. There are various ways one can maintain the blood pressure. It includes medicines, lifestyle changes, exercises, etc.