Question

Mutual inductance is the principle of:
A. Converter
B. Inverter
C. Transformer
D. Rectifier

Answer 1

Hint: A changing current in a coil induced magnetic flux through a neighboring coil. As a result, an emf is induced in neighboring coils. This interaction of one coil’s magnetic field on another coil is known as mutual inductance.

Complete step-by-step solution:
When two coils are brought in a neighborhood with each other, the magnetic field in one of the coils gets linked with the other coil. This results in the induction of voltage in the second coil. This property of a coil, which affects or changes the current and voltage in a secondary coil kept in its proximity is called mutual inductance.
The expression for mutual inductance of the second coil with respect to the first is given by the expression
${{M}_{sp}}=\dfrac{{{N}_{s}}{{\phi }_{s}}}{{{I}_{p}}}$
Where ${{N}_{s}}$ is the number of windings in the second coil, ${{\phi }_{s}}$ is the flux in one turn of the second coil due to change in current ${{I}_{p}}$.
A power converter is an electric circuit used to convert electric power. It can be an inverter, transformer, or rectifier. Different types of power converters are based on different principles.
An inverter is a device used to convert DC electricity to AC electricity. An inverter is based on the working of a transistor.
A rectifier works opposite to that of an inverter. It converts AC electricity to DC.
A transformer is a converter, which increases or decreases the output voltage in the secondary circuit from input voltage in the primary circuit. It is based on the principle of mutual induction.

Hence, option C is correct.

Additional information: In a transformer, the power of primary windings is the same as the power of secondary windings. That is,
${{P}_{P}}={{P}_{S}}$
The power of a circuit with voltage V and current I is given as $P=VI$. Therefore,
${{V}_{P}}{{I}_{P}}={{V}_{S}}{{I}_{S}}$

Note: Mutual inductance between two flux-linked coils is the interaction between them such that when the current through one coil is changed, the electromotive force is induced in another coil.
The transformer is based on the principle of mutual inductance. Transformers are of two types:
1. Step up transformer and 2. Step down transformer