Question

Most of the social differences are based on _____________.
(A) Birth
(B) Choice
(C) Caste
(D) Religion

Answer 1

Hint: Many inequalities persist in our society. These are of various kinds like Gender inequality, caste inequalities, religious inequality, and the widening gap between the rich and poor.

Complete answer:
Most of the social differences that persist in our society are based mainly on birth. Caste inequalities are the biggest example of birth based discrimination in our society. People are discriminated against on the basis of what caste they were born into and this also decides their occupation in the latter part of their life. Moreover, the education they get, the food, the facilities, and each and everything is based on the basis of what caste a person is born into. Caste has not disappeared from modern India. Some of the older aspects of caste have continued to exist. Even now, marrying within one's own tribe or caste is preferred and prevalent. Despite the constitutional prohibition, untouchability has not completely ended. Under the old system, the caste groups that had access to education have done very well in getting modern education as well whereas those groups who were prohibited from getting an education or that did not have access to it have naturally lagged behind. That is why, among the urban middle classes, there is a large presence of ‘upper caste’ in our country. Caste persists to be closely linked to economic status.
Religious inequality is also based on what religion one is born into. This can be seen in our country only, the way minorities are treated just because they are of a particular religion. Inter-religious marriage becomes a big issue in our society because of this problem when it shouldn’t matter.
The difference between the rich and the poor is also a form of birth-based inequality. Since people born into less fortunate families do not get opportunities like education, nutrition, etc. that a person born into a rich family gets.

Thus, option (A) is correct.

Note: The Constitution has provided many articles and provisions to counter these forms of inequalities.