Question

What is the molecular formula of mCPBA (meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid)?
(A)- $C_7{O}_4{H}_{4}Cl$
(B)- $C_6{O}_2{H}_{5}Cl$
(C)- $C_7{O}_2{H}_{5}Cl$
(D)- $C_7{O}_3{H}_{5}Cl$

Answer 1

Hint: Molecular formula of a compound indicates the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound.
meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid commonly referred to as mCPBA is a peroxycarboxylic acid. It can be considered as a derivative of meta-chlorobenzoic acid.

Complete answer:
Let us try to deduce the molecular formula of mCPBA (meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid).
As the name suggests it is a peroxy acid. Peroxy acids have one $O-O$ bond and can generally be represented as

If we replace R-group in the above structure of peroxy acid by meta-substituted chlorobenzene, then the structure we obtain is of meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid.
Structure of mCPBA (meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid) is shown below:

Let us calculate the number of each type of atoms from the structure of mCPBA.
Number of carbon atoms, C = 6 carbon atoms in benzene ring + 1 carbonyl carbon = 7
Number of oxygen atoms = 1 oxygen of carbonyl group + 2 oxygen of peroxide bond = 3
Number of hydrogen atoms = 4 hydrogen on benzene ring + 1 hydrogen bonded with oxygen = 5
There is only one chlorine atom.
Therefore, we can use the molecular formula of mCPBA as $C_7{O}_3{H}_{5}Cl$.

Hence, the correct option will be (D).

Additional information:
mCPBA is a very good oxidizing agent and preferably used in epoxide formation reactions. Epoxides are cylcoethers. Alkenes are converted to epoxides by mCPBA and meta-chlorobenzoic acid is formed as a by-product in the reaction.

 It is prepared by the reaction of meta-chlorobenzoyl chloride with an alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2{O}_2$).

Note:
Carefully count the number of atoms of each kind. It is better to write the structure before calculating the number of atoms. Keep in mind that the valency of carbon is four and there is one hydrogen at each carbon on the ring except for positions which are substituted.