Modern Generator works on which principles?
VerifiedAnswer: Electromagnetic Induction
Explanation:
Modern generators work on the fundamental principle of electromagnetic induction, which was discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831. This principle states that whenever there is a change in magnetic flux through a conductor, an electromotive force (EMF) is induced in the conductor, which causes an electric current to flow.
In a typical generator, this principle is applied through the rotation of a coil of wire (called the armature) within a magnetic field, or by rotating magnets around a stationary coil. As the coil moves through the magnetic field lines, the magnetic flux through the coil continuously changes. This changing flux induces an EMF according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.
The basic components of a modern generator include:
• Stator: The stationary part containing electromagnets or permanent magnets that create the magnetic field • Rotor (Armature): The rotating part with coils of wire that cut through the magnetic field lines • Slip rings and brushes: Components that transfer the generated electricity from the rotating part to the external circuit • Prime mover: The external source of mechanical energy (like steam turbines, water turbines, or diesel engines)
When mechanical energy is supplied to rotate the armature, the conductors in the coil cut through the magnetic field lines at different angles. This creates a continuously changing magnetic flux, which induces an alternating EMF in the coil. The magnitude of this induced EMF depends on the strength of the magnetic field, the number of turns in the coil, and the speed of rotation.
Modern generators are incredibly efficient at converting mechanical energy into electrical energy using this principle. Power plants worldwide use massive generators based on electromagnetic induction to produce electricity for our homes, schools, and industries. Whether it's a small portable generator or a huge power plant generator, they all rely on the same fundamental principle discovered by Faraday nearly two centuries ago.
