Question

Mitochondrial matrix processes
(a)Enzymes of Krebs cycle and protein synthesis
(b)Formation of Leukocytes
(c)Enzyme of the Calvin cycle
(d)None of these

Answer 1

Hint Mitochondrial matrix is a dense, gel-like mad protein-rich substance. It contains a high concentration of enzymes, multiple copies of circular mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, and a variety of crystals, granules, fibrils, and tubules.

Complete answer:
The major enzymes of the mitochondrial matrix include the matrix involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, the enzymes of fatty acid oxidation, and the enzymes of the TCA cycle. Most of the matrix enzymes are oxidative or respiratory, some are synthetic, and no one is digestive. They include enzymes of the TCA cycle and those involved in the oxidation of fatty acids, pyruvate, and acetyl CoA. With the exception of succinic dehydrogenase, all enzymes of the TCA cycle are freely distributed in the mitochondrial matrix; succinic acid dehydrogenase is located in the inner membrane. The synthetic enzymes are involved in the mitochondrial synthesis of DNA, RNAs, and proteins.

Additional information:
-Mitochondria are self- duplicating, spherical granular, or filamentary cell organelles. They are found in eukaryotic cells with the exception of mature mammalian erythrocytes.
-They serve as the center of aerobic respiration, energy transduction, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP synthesis. Also, they bring about the terminal oxidation of organic fuel molecules and the transformation of their potential chemical energy to the biologically available potential energy of ATP molecules.
-Mitochondria are mobile organelles informally distributed within the cell. Still, they may often remain crowded or clustered preferentially around certain strategic sites of maximum energy demand.

So, the correct answer is 'Enzymes of Krebs cycle and protein synthesis'.

Note:
-The number of mitochondria per cell varies greatly with species. It may range from zero to many thousands.
-Mammalian RBC lose all their mitochondria during differentiation. So, they have to generate their ATP by glycolysis alone.
-Their ATP requirement is very much reduced because of the total absence of synthetic processes.