Question

Mitochondria is absent in
A) Bacteria
B) Red algae
C) Green algae
D) Brown algae

Answer 1

Hint: The two types of cells, eukaryotic and prokaryotic, have some remarkable differences present. The main difference is that the prokaryotic cell shows absence of membrane-bound organelles.

Complete Answer:
- Mitochondria is a double membrane-bound cell organelle that is mainly seen in the cell of eukaryotes. This organelle's primary function is to act as the leading center for meeting cells' biochemical energy needs. The chemical energy produced by mitochondria is stored in the form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).
- Red algae (Rhodophyta) exhibits the presence of pigment phycoerythrin, therefore the red color. They are made up of eukaryotic cells that are flagellates and lack chloroplast, ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and centrioles. However, they exhibit the presence of mitochondria.
- On the other hand, green algae, unlike red algae, show the presence of chloroplast and are photosynthetic. They are made up of eukaryotic cells. Brown algae are made up of a large group of multicellular algal cells.
- Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic organisms. They do not show the presence of any membrane-bound organelles or nucleus. They generally obtain nutrition by establishing mutualistic or parasitic relationships.

Additional Information:
- Some of the bacterial species can obtain nutrition by means of Photosynthesis. These species show the presence of chloroplast and chlorophyll pigments. They are classified as autotrophs.
- Chemosynthesis is yet another way by which bacteria can obtain their nutrition. They can break down compounds or dead and decaying matter present in the surrounding. They are classified as chemoautotrophs or chemoheterotrophs.

Note: Prokaryotic organisms, in general, lack membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, etc. Red algae, green and brown algae are made up of eukaryotic cells. They exhibit the presence of mitochondria.