Question

How do mitochondria differ from ribosomes?

Answer 1

Hint: Mitochondria are the double membranous organelle found mainly in eukaryotic cells whereas Ribosomes are the organelle found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria is the main site for aerobic respiration. Mitochondrion mainly utilizes oxygen to ‘burn’ sugar and produce energy in the form of ATP. Proteins are mainly made in the ribosomes. Ribosomes read the message coded by messenger RNA and then help in the formation of protein.

Complete answer:
Ribosomes:
1)Ribosomes are considered as the main sites of protein synthesis. A Ribosomal protein and 2)Ribosomal RNA both combine to form a Ribosome.
3)Ribosomes are composed of two subunits (Large and Small subunit). Both the subunits (Large and small subunits) are attached to one another.
4)Ribosomes are found in groups and sometimes alone within the cytoplasm. Ribosomes form an integral part of rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear envelope also.
5)Ribosomes are sometimes termed as intercellular protein factories.
6)Ribosomes help in the process of translation. The ribosomes along with other RNA molecules help in the formation of polypeptide chains. Information within the messenger 7)RNA molecule helps in the formation of polypeptide chains.
8)For the formation of cell membranes, ribosomes attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum are utilized.
9)Ribosomes are membrane less organelles.

Mitochondria
1)A mitochondrion is a double membranous organelle and is found mostly in eukaryotic cells.
2)Respiration mainly takes place in Mitochondria. In the process of respiration energy from organic compounds is used to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
3)ATP is mainly used for movement and cell division. Most of the ATP is made inside the mitochondria but some of it is made in the cytoplasm also.
4)Energy needs of the cell decide how many mitochondria a cell will possess. Human cells have thousands of mitochondria while RBCs do not have any.
5)A mitochondrion is a double membranous organelle. Both the membranes are made of phospholipid molecules. The inner mitochondrial membrane is made up of cristae (internal folds). Mitochondrial matrix is the main site for the formation of the cell's ATP.
6)Mitochondria possess their own DNA and are capable of asexual reproduction.

Note: The main role of Ribosomes is to make proteins. Ribosomes are small in size. Mitochondria is the main site for ATP synthesis. Mitochondria possess their own DNA and are capable of asexual reproduction.