Question

Mention a cause and symptoms of each
A. Osteoporosis
B. Tetany

Answer 1

Hint: In the osteoporosis the result of the increasing bone fragility and susceptibility to the fracture in the metabolic skeleton disease that obtained due to the micro architectural and due to the low bone density of the bone tissues. Hips, wrists and vertebrates are the commonly affected areas found in this. Tetany is also known by the other name of hypocalcemia. In which calcium level is less than 8.5 mg/dl as compared to the total amount of ionized calcium. And PTH always secretes hypomagnesemia and is measured in the hypocalcaemia patient.

Complete answer:
Causes and symptoms are given below:-
Osteoporosis: Low weight and body mass index, medication, mostly risk in the female as compared to the male, smoking, alcohol consumption, increase age, lack of physical activity, inadequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, family history and estrogen deficiency is the risk factors in the osteoporosis. The idiopathic age related osteoporosis seems in the senile type 3, postmenopausal type1, and young adults, and on the secondary state of disease mostly found with the metabolic conditions, bone marrow infiltration, Endocrine conditions, gastrointestinal liver disease, and renal disease, drugs, life style etc.
Tetany: Increase in the phosphate levels that affect the chronic kidney, phosphate therapy, or hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, Drugs, resistance to the PTH and many other causes of the hypomagnesemia. Mostly in the hands and feet and in the nervous system muscle cramps and contraction occurred. And breathing problems, voice box, larynx are also affected by the tetany.

Note: X ray studies, radiographic, dual energy, x ray absorptiometry and ultrasound are the main diagnosis in osteoporosis. Botulinum toxin is the bacteria that enter the body through the cuts and wounds and cause of the toxin tetany in the body and mostly found in the soil or spoiled food products. In the bloodstream the direct injection of calcium helps to prevent hypomagnesemia disease.