Question

Membrane-bound organelles are absent in
(a)Plasmodium
(b)Saccharomyces
(c)Streptococcus
(d)Chlamydomonas

Answer 1

Hint: The characteristic difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the absence or presence of membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles and belong to the kingdom Monera whereas eukaryotes are present in the remaining four kingdoms.

Complete answer:
Membrane-bound organelles are absent in Streptococcus as it is the only organism that is prokaryotic among the mentioned options and thus it belongs to the kingdom Monera. It is the characteristic of prokaryotes that they do not have membrane-bound organelles and a well-defined nucleus. Plasmodium is a unicellular eukaryotic organism and thus belongs to the kingdom Protista. Saccharomyces is a unicellular eukaryotic fungus and thus belongs to the kingdom Mycota or Fungi. Chlorophyceae is a unicellular eukaryotic organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista.

Additional Information: Let us look at the kingdom Monera in detail.
-Kingdom Monera consists of only bacteria as the sole members.
-Monerans are the most abundant microorganisms and are present almost everywhere.
-They are also found in extreme habitats such as hot springs, deserts, snow, deep oceans, etc.
-Monerans show the most extensive metabolic diversity as some are autotrophic, some heterotrophic, and others are parasitic.
-In autotrophic, two types are found known as chemosynthetic (energy derived by chemical compounds) and photosynthetic (energy derived from sunlight).
-Bacteria are classified into 4 types on the basis of their shape known as coccus which is spherical, bacillus which are rod-shaped, vibrio which is comma-shaped, and spirillum which is spiral-shaped.
So, the correct option is ‘Streptococcus’.

Note:
-The kingdom Fungi comprises heterotrophic organisms that are mostly saprophytic in nature. Examples- Penicillium, Puccinia
-The kingdom Protista consists of chrysophytes, dinoflagellates, euglenoids, slime molds, and protozoans.
-The kingdom Plantae includes eukaryotic autotrophic organisms that contain chlorophyll for assimilation.