Question

Maximum amount of RNA is found in
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) Nucleolus
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Chloroplasts

Answer 1

Hint: Maximum amount of RNA is found in the non- membrane bound structure located within the controlling centre of a cell. This control centre contains the genetic material of an organism and is surrounded by two layers of membrane.

Complete answer:
The nucleolus is a non- membrane bound structure, round or irregular structure located in the central or periphery region of the nucleus. It is produced by the Nucleolar Organizing Regions(NOR) of a chromosome. Such chromosomes are termed as nucleolar organizing chromosomes. The main function of nucleolus is the synthesis of ribosomal RNA, hence it is also called the storehouse of RNA. It contains the information regarding the transcription of the gene producing ribosomal RNA and assembly of ribosomes. These are rich in RNA and ribosomal proteins.
- Ribosomes are found both in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. These are non- membranous cell organelles. In a eukaryotic cell, ribosomes occur freely in the cytoplasm, attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum(ER), in the matrix of organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts.
- These are also found attached to the nuclear membrane and inside the nucleolus. They are commonly referred to as the protein factories of the cell because they are the site of protein synthesis or translation.
- The space between the cell membrane and the nucleus is known as cytoplasm. It is about 80% water where the cell organelles are suspended. The semi- fluid nature of the cytoplasm helps in the movement of cellular materials through their characteristic cytoplasmic streaming.
- The chloroplast is double- membrane bound cell organelle exclusively present in photosynthetic eukaryotes. Pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments are located in the chloroplast. They play a vital role in photosynthesis.
So, the correct answer is ‘Nucleolus.’

Note:
- A eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane- bound controlling centre of a cell. It has four components: nuclear envelope, nucleolus, nuclear matrix, and chromosomes.
- A single dsDNA is coiled with the help of histones and condensed to form chromatin in eukaryotes.
- DNA bears genes which are a particular set of nucleotide sequences that later produces proteins.