Question

Match the following and choose the correct combination.

	Column - I		Column - II
A.	Cerebellum	1.	Neuron
B.	Spinal Cord	2.	Acetylcholine
C.	Photoreceptors	3.	Thinking part of the brain
D.	The functional and structural unit of the nervous system	4.	The close relation between the two neurons
E.	Neurotransmitter	5.	Detect light
F.	Cerebrum	6.	Dendron
G.	Synapse	7.	Reflex action
H.	Small cell process of the neuron	8.	Maintain balance and posture

(a) A - 8, B - 7, C - 5, D - 1, E - 2, F - 3, G - 4, H - 6
(b) A - 8, B - 7, C - 1, D - 5, E - 2, F - 3, G - 4, H - 6
(c) A - 8, B - 7, C - 5, D - 2, E - 1, F - 3, G - 4, H - 6
(d) A - 8, B - 7, C - 5, D - 1, E - 2, F - 3, G - 6, H - 4

Answer 1

Hint: Column - I and Column - II state the various parts of the nervous system and their functions. The brain, the spinal cord, and the nerves together constitute the nervous system. The signals from the brain to the site of action and vice versa are carried out by a complex system of nerves, receptors, neurotransmitters, hormones, and so on.

Complete step by step answer:
- The cerebellum is a part of the hindbrain. It maintains muscle coordination, normal muscle tone, and posture, and coordinates balance.
- The spinal cord is a part of the central nervous system (CNS) along with the brain. It transfers the signal from the motor cortex to the rest of the body and from the sensory neurons to the sensory cortex. It also controls reflex actions due to the presence of reflex arcs.
- Photoreceptors are a type of sensory receptors that detect light. They are present in the retina of the eye.
- The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron. They transmit nerve messages all over the body.
- Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is a small molecule that helps in the transmission of signals across the synapse and gets degraded after the process.
- The cerebrum coordinates sensory data and motor functions and governs intelligence, reasoning, learning, and memory.
- The junction between two nerve cells is called synapse. Two neurons are never physically in contact with each other and the synapse is required for the transmission of the signals.
- The neuron contains three main parts - dendrite, axon, and cell body or soma. The dendron or the dendrite is the part of the nerve cell that receives information from another cell and transmits it to the cell body.
So, the correct answer is ‘A - 8, B - 7, C - 5, D - 1, E - 2, F - 3, G - 4, H - 6’.

Additional Information:
- The human eye can detect light in the 400 - 700-nanometer range which forms a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
- The cerebral hemispheres are separated by the corpus callosum.
- Acetylcholine is an example of an excitatory neurotransmitter. Other examples are norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine.

Note:
- The cerebellum is the largest part of the brain and the cerebrum is the second largest part.
- Cerebrum is also known as the ‘seat of consciousness’.
- A wide range of drugs operate in the synapses, such as cocaine, LSD, caffeine, and insecticides.