Question

Match items of Column I with the items of Column II and assign the correct code with respect to Column I: In each option- the five roman numbers of the column 2nd are to be matched with a, b, c, and d respectively in accordance. {for example- in option A, a of column I is matching with (iv) for column II, b with (ii), c with (iii) and d with (i)}.

Column I	Column II
(a) Cyanide process	i) Ultrapure Ge
(b) Froth floatation process	ii) Dressing of Zns
(c) Electrolytic reduction	iii) Extraction of AI
(d) Zone refining	iv) Extraction of Au
	v) Purification of Ni

A) (iv),(ii),(iii),(i)
B) (ii),(iii),(i),(v)
C) (i),(ii),(iii),(iv)
D) (iii),(iv),(v),(i)

Answer 1

Hint: Each process is made for certain types of elements. And each process extracts elements in different ways based on their reactivity with other elements. For example electrolysis using direct current to separate metals from their impurities. Cyanide process uses sodium cyanide for dissolving the metal in it. Froth floatation separates on the basis of Hydrophobicity of metals and zone refining uses molten zones.

Step by step answer:
Going step by step through each process in column I we will find its match from column II.
The first process is the Cyanide process. It is also called the Macarthur Forrest process. It is a method of extracting silver and gold from their ores by dissolving them in dilute solution of sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide. This process was invented by Scottish chemist John S. MacArthur, Robert W. Forrest and William Forest in 1887. It is a most common hydrometallurgical technique used for gold extraction. Now, according to the data in column II, this option will match with option (iv) as $Au$ is gold and this process is for extraction of gold. Therefore, $(a) \to (iv)$.

The second process is the Froth Floatation process. It is a process for separating minerals from gangue by taking advantage of differences in their hydrophobicity. Hydrophobicity differences between valuable minerals and waste gangue are increased through the use of surfactants and wetting agents. The floatation process is used for the separation of a large range of sulphides, carbonates and oxides prior to further refinement. Now according to the second column there is only one sulphide. Therefore, dressing of $ZnS$ is the correct answer. So, $(b) \to (ii)$.

The third process is Electrolytic reduction is the process of electrolysis. It is used to extract metals from molten chloride or oxides. In this process, the particles of the metals get collected as a cathode and the particles of oxygen and chlorine at anode. There are various metals extracted through electrolysis which are Magnesium, aluminium, Zinc etc. Therefore, the answer is extraction of Aluminium. So, $(c) \to (iii)$.

The fourth process is the zone refining process is the most important of the zone-melting techniques. In this method a solid is refined by passing a number of molten zones through it in one direction. It is also called zone melting, floating zone process or travelling melting zone. It is used for metals like germanium, gallium and indium. Therefore according to the options (i) matches with the process. So, $(d) \to (i)$.

So, the correct option is A.

Note: Cyanide process is used for extracting silver and gold. Froth floatation method extracts metals from its sulphides, carbonates and oxides. Electrolytic refining is for metals like Magnesium, Aluminium and zinc. And zone refining is used for extracting metals like germanium, gallium and indium.