Question

Many ribosomes may associate with a single mRNA to form multiple copies of polypeptide simultaneously. Such string of ribosomes are termed as
A) Plastidome
B) Polysome
C) Nucleosome
D) Polyhedral bodies

Answer 1

Hint:Protein synthesis is completed by the process of protein translation. When the DNA molecule has transcribed the messenger RNA is translated for protein synthesis.

Complete answer:Iin the process of translation messenger RNA works together with the transfer Arya name that is tRNA and ribosomes are the processes of protein synthesis. The whole process of transcription and translation is called gene expression. Protein synthesis can be defined as the process in which the molecules of amino acids are arranged as a single line into proteins by involving ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, messenger RNA, and other enzymes.
The translation is a process of protein synthesis from mRNA with the help of ribosomes. The translational unit of RNA from 5’ to 3’ includes the start codon region coded polypeptide, stop codon, and the untranslated region at 5’ and 3’ end both for more efficiency of the process. The ribosome is the place where the whole machinery of translation is assembled. Each eukaryotic ribosome has two parts or subunits, a smaller 40S subunit, and a larger 60S subunit. The small subunit has a point of attachment. Along with the largest subunit, it forms a P-site Or peptidyl transfer. There are binding sites for initiation factors, elongation factors, translocation, etc.
A polysome is a single mRNA that is simultaneously translated by many ribosomes. It results in the synthesis of multiple copies of the polypeptide. The nucleosome is the basic unit consisting of DNA wrapped around four histone proteins. Polyhedral bodies are inclusion bodies that are associated with the replication of insect viruses.
Thus, the answer is option B: polysome.

Note:structurally, tRNA looks like a leaf or inverted L-shaped molecule that on one end has an amino acid receptor and on the other end has an anticodon loop.