Question

Make a comparison and write down ways in which plant cells are different from animal cells.

Answer 1

Hint: Animals and plants are made up of more than one cell (Multicellular) which is the smallest structural and functional unit of life as they contain a nucleus. They are microscopic and the cells constituting an animal are known as animal cells and cells of plants are known as plant cells.

Complete answer:

Plant Cell	Animal Cell
Plant cells are larger than animal cells and they are usually rectangular in shape.	Animal cells are much smaller than plant cells and are mostly round or oval in shape.
Plant cells have an outer covering made up of cellulose microfibrils and are known as the cell wall.	Animal cells lack a cell wall and thus are enclosed by the plasma membrane instead.
Plant cells when matured have a single, large, and developed vacuole.	Vacuoles are mostly absent in animal cells. If present they are small and scattered.
In plant cells, Golgi bodies are diffused in the cell and make dictyosomes.	In animal cells the prominent Golgi bodies are present. They are well developed and are found near the nucleus.
Plant cells have polar caps, and centrioles (barrel-shaped organelles) and centrosomes (specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome and links a pair of chromatids) are absent.	Animal cells have centrioles and centrosomes.
They have plastids.	They do not have plastids.
Plant cells have storage of food material which is starch or oils.	Animal cells have storage of food material which is glycogen.
In plant cells, lysosomes are either absent or few.	In animal cells, lysosomes are large in number.

Note: The nucleus is present in the cells and controls all the activities that are performed by a cell, which include growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and also reproduction (cell division). Nucleus was discovered by Mr. Brown (Robert Brown) in 1831. With the help of grafting experiments on Acetabularia, Hammerling in 1953 proved that the nucleus is a storehouse of hereditary information.