Question

Main function of glomerulus is
A. reabsorption of water
B. filtration of urine
C. reabsorption of Na$+$
D. concentration of urine

Answer 1

Hint: Nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney. It helps in the regulation of water and minerals in the blood. It helps in the filtration of blood and separates the waste materials present and excrete out in the form of urine. The kidney usually consists of millions of nephrons present in it.

Complete answer:
The nephrons are present in the renal cortex of the kidney. The majority of the nephrons present are cortical nephrons. The juxtamedullary nephrons lie in the renal cortex and are close to the medulla region of the kidney. Nephron can be divided into the renal corpuscle, renal tubule, and capillary network. The renal corpuscle is located in the renal cortex. It consists of the Bowman's capsule which has a network of capillaries present in it known as the glomerulus.
The glomerulus helps in the filtration of the blood and then forms the glomerular filtrate. The afferent arteriole brings the blood which needs to be filtered. The small particles like the water, glucose, salt and urea are removed from the blood and a filtrate is formed which is passed on to the bowman’s capsule which helps in the collection of the filtrate. This then leads to the formation of the urine when filtrate passes onto the various barriers.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: The afferent arteriole brings the blood from the body which needs to be filtered and the filtered blood is then sent back to the body via efferent arterioles. Urine from the collecting duct is taken and then collected in the bladder and is released via the ureter.