Question

What is the main function of chloroplast?
(a) To absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis
(b) To break up water into hydrogen and oxygen during photosynthesis
(c) To absorb food
(d) To form protein and amino acids in the presence of sunlight

Answer 1

Hint: Chloroplasts are found altogether green plants and algae. They’re the food producers of plants. These are found within the guard cells located within the leaves of the plants. They include a high concentration of chlorophyll that captures sunlight.

Complete answer:
To absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis is the main function of the chloroplast. The chloroplast is an organelle that contains the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll that captures sunlight and converts it into useful energy, thereby releasing oxygen from water. Photosynthesis definition states that the method exclusively takes place within the chloroplasts through photosynthetic pigments like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene, and xanthophyll. All green plants and a couple of other autotrophic organisms utilize photosynthesis to synthesize nutrients by using carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. The by-product of the photosynthesis process is oxygen. The carbon dioxide obtained from the air is employed to get carbon and sugar during the Calvin Cycle or dark reaction of photosynthesis.

Additional information: Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy into relatively stable energy via the photosynthetic process. By doing so, they sustain life on Earth. Chloroplasts also give various metabolic functions for plant cells, including the synthesis of fatty acids, membrane lipids, isoprenoids, tetrapyrroles, starch, and hormones. The biogenesis, morphogenesis, protection, and senescence of chloroplasts are essential for maintaining the correct structure and performance of chloroplasts.
So, the correct answer is ‘(a) To absorb ${CO}_2$ during photosynthesis’.

Note: Chloroplast has its own DNA and can reproduce independently, from the remainder of the cell. They also produce amino acids and lipids required for the assembly of the chloroplast membrane. Chloroplasts are found altogether higher plants. It’s oval or biconvex, found within the mesophyll of the plant cell. This cell organelle isn't present in animal cells.