Question

What is the main difference between sperms and eggs of humans? Write the importance of this difference.

Answer 1

Hint: Sperm cells are one of the smallest cells, which are present in the body of males. They possess small amounts of cytoplasm, having smaller nucleus, mitochondria and a longer tail. They are straight and not rounded. Egg cells are one of the largest cells, which are present in the body of the females. They are visible to the eye. They are rounded and have huge amounts of cytoplasm.
Centriole is present in the sperm, but absent in the egg. Sperm is surrounded by plasma membrane, but egg is surrounded by egg envelope.

Complete answer:
Sperm is a reproductive cell of male and eggs are the reproductive cell of females. Both sperm and egg depend on one another for reproduction of life. The both cells undergo the meiosis process and form a haploid cell.
Though they are different, they are essential in maintaining the continuity of the species one generation after another through the process of reproduction.
Genetic difference between egg and sperm lies in difference in having sex chromosome. Sperm has X or Y as sex chromosome, while egg has Y chromosome as sex chromosome.
Differences exist in the shape, size, metabolic activity, motility and cytoplasm content between sperm and egg.
Some differences are listed below in the table.

Egg	Sperm
It is a female germ cell.	It is a male germ cell.
It is immotile.	It is mobile.
Sex chromosome present in egg is X.	Sex chromosomes present in sperm are both X and Y.
Metabolically more active.	Metabolically less activity
Larger in size	Small sized.
Contain greater cytoplasm content.	Have lesser cytoplasmic content.

Note:
Mitochondrion is centrally located in sperm, but scattered in egg. Nucleoplasm is absent in sperm, but present (germinal vesicle) in egg. One spermatogonium can produce four sperms, but one oogonium can produce only one egg. Egg is produced before birth to menopause, but sperm is produced from puberty to death. Egg has a shorter life span, while sperm’s life span is longer. Egg is not storable, but sperm is storable.