Question

List the various functions of the root.

Answer 1

Hint: Root is the anchoring part of the plant. It is present at the base of the shoot. The root consists of the main primary root from which the secondary root arises. It also has root hairs present which help in the expansion of the area they are anchored to. The roots have the presence of root caps also.

Complete answer: The root is the main part of the plant which provides anchorage to the plant. It has an essential role in providing plants with nutrients from the soil and also to provide water available in the soil. The roots help the plant to remain attached to the soil in harsh weather conditions like strong winds and storms. The roots hold on to soil and prevent soil erosion also. The nutrients provided by the roots are transported to the various parts of the plant to help it to grow and develop fully. The nutrients provided to the plant help it to carry out the basic life processes. The root present can be modified for various other uses rather than providing an anchor. The modified roots can be used as a storage organ in which the plant stores its food material. Many edible plants like carrots and potatoes are the modified root. The roots are also grown from the branches of the trees like in banyan trees which provide extra support to the tall plants. There are aerial roots present which grows above the soil mainly when present in the saltwater environment. They grow in such a way because it helps them to take in air from the environment. Such roots can be seen in the mangrove trees.

Note: Roots provide anchorage to the plants. Without the presence of roots, the plants would not be able to attach themselves to the soil and would not be able to extract nutrients and water which is needed for their basic life processes.