Question

Joule’s effect is due to:
(A) Collision of electrons
(B) Collision of free electrons with positive ions
(C) Collision of positive ions
(D) All

Answer 1

Hint: A relationship between to heat generated and current flows through a conductor is called Joule’s heating. Is also known as resistive, resistance, or Ohmic heating, is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor produces heat. Electric ions, electric heaters, electric toasters are some of the appliances that work on the principle of heating effect of current.

Complete step by step answer:
Joule’s heating is the production of heat as a result of current flowing through a conduction is Joule’s effect or Joule’s heating. In a conductor the free electrons are always at random motion making collision with ions or atoms of the conductor. When a voltage is applied between the ends of the conductor, resulting in the flow of current, the free electrons are accelerated. The lattice ions or atoms receive this energy from the colliding electrons in random bursts. This increase in energy is nothing but the thermal energy of the lattice.

So, the correct answer is “Option B”.

Additional Information:
The change in temperature that accompanied experts of a gas without production of work or heat transfer in Joules Thompson effect set real gas cool or such expansion but there is an exception of hydrogen and helium. The phenomenon is often used in liquefying of gas. Joule’s law states that heat produced in a conductor is directly proportional to the square of electric current flowing through the conductor.

Note:
Joule’s first law is called Joule’s heating or Joule’s effect a physical law expressing relation between generation of heat and flowing of current through a conductor Joule’s second law states that internal energy of an ideal gas is independent of its volume and pressure it only depends on its temperature.