Question

Jay Prakash Narayan followed a __________ philosophy.
A. Gandhian
B. Socialist
C. Capitalist
D. None of these

Answer 1

Hint:He believed in Lokniti, or people's politics, and not rajniti, i.e. state politics.
Courage to stand against even a freely elected government as the system became oppressive and authoritarian. He was a staunch champion of civil liberties and founded NGOs to protect people's liberties, such as the People's Union for Civil Liberties and Citizens for Democracy.

Complete answer:
Jayaprakash Narayan was a freedom fighter with a socialist democratic leaning, agitating against the Indira Gandhi Govt, which precipitated the country's declaration of emergency. His political ideology brought in shifts that can still be seen in India's political scene. The greater decentralisation resulted from the creation of his unified front against Indira Gandhi. His party later split up at the regional level to form various socialist parties. This has made our democracy more vibrant.
He left the Congress Party in 1948, along with most of the Congress Socialists, and founded the Praja Socialist Party in 1952.
Socialism is a structure that is economic and political. It is an economic theory of the organisation of society. It states that the employees should own or manage the means of producing, transporting, and selling money.

The correct answer is Option B.

Note: Narayan unexpectedly burst onto the Indian political scene in 1974 as a severe critic of what he saw as Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's oppressive and increasingly undemocratic government.