Question

What is the IUPAC name of the compound?

A.\[1,2,3 - tricarboxy - 2 - propanol\]
B.\[2 - hydroxypropane - 1,2,3 - tricarboxylicacid\]
C.\[3 - hydroxy - 3 - carboxy - 1,5 - pen\tan edioicacid\]
D.None

Answer 1

Hint: As we know that the IUPAC nomenclature is a chemical nomenclature which is used for the naming of organic compounds by following some rules and regulations. And it is proposed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. For solving an IUPAC name, first we have to identify the longest carbon chain present in the molecule and look if any functional is there or any branched chain is there or not. After that, conclude the name into a single word.

Complete answer:
The IUPAC name of the compound is not equal to \[1,2,3 - tricarboxy - 2 - propanol\]. Hence, option (A) is incorrect.
The IUPAC name of the compound is \[2 - hydroxypropane - 1,2,3 - tricarboxylicacid\].
The compound contains three carboxylic groups. Hence, it should be tricarboxylic acid and the carboxylic acid present in the first, second and third carbon atoms present in the chain. Therefore, we can write \[1,2,3 - \] tricarboxylic acid.
The longest chain present in the compound is the chain with three numbers of carbon atoms with a single bond. Thus, it should be propane.
And one hydroxyl group is present in the second carbon atom. Therefore, we can write \[2 - \]hydroxypropane. Thus, the IUPAC name of the compound is\[2 - hydroxypropane - 1,2,3 - tricarboxylicacid\]. Hence, option (B) is correct.
The IUPAC name of the compound is not equal to\[3 - hydroxy - 3 - carboxy - 1,5 - pen\tan e\,dioicacid\]. Because, the hydroxyl group is not present in the third position. Hence, option (C) is incorrect.
The IUPAC name of the compound is equal to \[2 - hydroxypropane - 1,2,3 - tricarboxylicacid\]. Hence, option (D) is incorrect.

Hence, option (B) is correct.

Note:
We need to remember that the IUPAC nomenclature is used for the naming of organic compounds. For that, first we have to identify the longest continuous carbon chain present in the parent compound and find out the group linked to this longest chain. The name is different for each functional group. For example, if the acid group is present in the compound, the suffix should be ‘-oate’. Like that, we are naming an organic compound.