Question

Indian writers made all efforts to develop ……………………… among Indians.
A.Self- respect
B.Self- confidence
C.Nationalism
D.All of above

Answer 1

Hint: The Indian national movement made many people more and more aware of the drawbacks of foreign rule and the need to foster patriotism. It gave the educated Indians the necessary political training. In fact, it changed people's tempers and created a new life in the country.

Complete answer:
Recognizing the true nature of British rule:
Moderate nationalist politics was based on the belief that British rule could be reformed from within. However, the dissemination of knowledge on political and economic issues gradually undermined this belief. The political agitation of moderates is largely responsible for this.
Nationalist writers and agitators blamed the British government for the poverty of the people. Politically conscious Indians believed that the aim of British rule was to exploit India economically, that is, to enrich Britain at Indian prices. They realized that India would make little economic progress if British imperialism was not replaced by a government controlled and led by the Indian people.

Self-respect and self-confidence growth:
By the end of the nineteenth century, Indian nationalists had increased their self-esteem and self-confidence. They have gained confidence in their ability to govern themselves and in the future development of their country. Leaders such as Tilak, Aurobindo Ghose and Bipin Chandra Pal preached a message of dignity and called on nationalists to rely on the character and skills of Indians.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Sri Aurobindo is an Indian philosopher, yogi, guru, poet and nationalist. He joined the Indian independence movement, broke away from British rule, was once one of India's influential leaders, and then became a spiritual reformer, introducing his views on human progress and spiritual development.