Question

In the family Liliaceae flowers are
(a)Trimerous and hypogynous
(b)Pentamerous and epigynous
(c)Trimerous and epigynous
(d)Pentamerous and hypogynous

Answer 1

Hint: Flowers have superior ovaries in the family Liliaceae, i.e. the gynoecium holds its highest position. They have different three-part whorls. They are monocotyledonous, annual, herbaceous, geophytes which are sometimes bulbous.

Complete answer:
The floral formula of the family Liliaceae consists of Gynoecium, which is tricarpellary and superior in place to the ovary (hypogynous).
The Liliaceae flowers are hermaphroditic, pedicellate (short secondary stem), actinomorphic (ie. radially symmetric), or slightly zygomorphic (meaning bilateral symmetric), and typically wide and showy, but may not be visible. The perianth is undifferentiated (perigonium) and biseriate (two whorled), consisting of six sepals arranged into three parts (trimerous) of two separate whorls. Liliaceae gynoecium is trilocular (three locules, or chambers) or unilocular (single locule) and is superior ovary (hypogynous), syncarpous (with fused carpels), with three connate (fused) carpels.
Wide flowers with parts arranged in three are typical characteristics: with six colored or patterned petaloid sepals arranged in two whorls, six stamens, and a superior ovary (undifferentiated petals and sepals). The leaves are linear in form, generally arranged parallel to the edges with their veins, single and arranged alternating on the stem, or at the base in a rosette. Most species, while some have rhizomes, are grown from bulbs.

Additional Information: The flowers are defined as follows, based on the position of the calyx, corolla, and androecium in relation to the ovary:
-Hypogynous (Superior ovary): the highest position is held by the gynoecium, while the other sections are below it.
-Perigynous (Half inferior): if the gynoecium is located in the middle of the flower and the other parts of the flower are located almost at the same level on the rim of the thalamus.
-Epigynous (lower ovary): an ovary in a thalamus shaped like a flask and other portions of the flower appear above the ovary.
So, the correct answer is, ‘Trimerous and hypogynous’.

Note: Within the order Liliales, the lily family, Liliaceae, consists of about 254 (or 15) genera and about 4075 (or 610) recognised flowering plant species. Despite genetic compatibility, plants in this family have evolved with a decent amount of morphological variation.