Question

In mitochondria, which portion contains specific proteins?

Answer 1

Hint: It is a cell organelle that generates most of the chemical energy.

Complete answer:
Mitochondria is the double-membrane bound cell organelle that produces most of the energy to complete various biochemical reactions.
The mitochondria consist of genes that code for various proteins of the respiratory chain and enzymes like ATP synthase.
The outer membrane of mitochondria consists of specific proteins while the inner membrane is folded with deep furrows between them to form cristae.

Additional information
- Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
- It plays an important role in the conversion of energy from food into energy for certain biological processes.
- Mitochondria is the site for cellular respiration.
- It helps in processing nutrients from the food and utilizing oxygen which we breathe.
- They use energy by breaking sugar molecules of food and use oxygen to convert it into carbon dioxide.
- Approximately 99% of proteins are prepared in the liquid cytoplasm of the cell while the remaining are produced inside a liquid-filled interior compartment of mitochondria called mitochondrial matrix.
- Mitochondrial matrix is the space within the inner membrane which is viscous.
- The matrix helps in energy production by the process of the citric acid cycle.

Note: Mitochondria contains its own DNA and proteins. The matrix is a dense material which also contains ribosomes and DNA. These ribosomes help in the synthesis of proteins inside mitochondria.