Question

In lead acid battery electrolyte used is:
(a)- Sulfuric acid
(b)- Aqueous solution of $PbS{{O}_{4}}$
(c)- Nitric acid
(d)- Aqueous solution of $FeS{{O}_{4}}$

Answer 1

Hint: The battery in which the sponge lead and lead peroxide are used for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. The electrolyte used in the lead-acid battery is a dilute solution of a strong acid.

Complete step by step answer:
- The battery in which the sponge lead and lead peroxide are used for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. There are many components of the lead-acid battery and these are
- Container: It is the material that contains all other things and it is made up of glass, lead-lined wood, ebonite, ceramic materials, and molded plastics. The container is strong, so that the electrolyte will not react with it.
- Plate: These are made up of lead and active materials.
- Active materials: These are the materials that take place in the chemical reaction during charging and discharging. These are lead oxide ($Pb{{O}_{2}}$), sponge lead, and dilute sulfuric acid (${{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}$). The electrolyte is the dilute solution of sulfuric acid and the concentration is 31 %.
- Separators and battery terminals are also components of the lead-acid battery.
The electrolyte used in the lead-acid battery is sulfuric acid because it dissociates into two ions hydrogen ion (2${{H}^{+}}$) and sulfate ion ($SO_{4}^{2-}$), and both the electrodes are dipped in this solution. The correct option is option “A” .

Note: When recharging is done the equation is given below:
\[PbS{{O}_{4}}+2{{H}_{2}}O+2H\to PbS{{O}_{4}}+2{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\]
And during the discharging, the reaction will get reversed. Lead peroxide is the negative terminal and sponge lead is the positive terminal.