Question

In assisted reproductive technology, the method of directly injecting a sperm into ovum is called
A. ZIFT
B. ICSI
C. GIFT
D. ET

Answer 1

Hint: Assisted reproductive technique is manipulation of sperm and eggs or embryos in a laboratory for producing pregnancy. It involves four technologies: intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), and frozen embryo transfer (FET).

Complete answer:
In this question, we have asked about the assisted reproductive technology in which sperm is directly injected into the ovum. So, first we'll learn little about assisted reproductive technology (ART) and its types. As we already mentioned Assisted reproductive technique is manipulation of sperm and eggs or embryos in a laboratory for producing pregnancy. It involves four types:
Intracytoplasmic sperm transfer (ICSI): In this technique, the sperm is directly inserted into an ovum in vitro or in the laboratory, by which the zygote is formed. Now this zygote is transferred into the female's body by ZIFT.
Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT): In this technique, ovum is removed from a woman's ovary and put in one of the Fallopian tubes, and the man's sperm is also inserted into the fallopian tube.
Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT): In this technique, the zygote is transferred from one female to another female.
Frozen embryo transfer (FET): FET involves thawing and transferring an embryo inside the woman's uterus for a pregnancy.
So, in assisted reproductive technology, the method of directly injecting a sperm into ovum is called intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

So the correct option is B. ICSI.

Note:
Always remember, ICSI is different from IVF-ER in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer, as in IVF thousands of sperm are added to one egg so that one sperm among them fertilizes the egg while in ICSI the embryologist use technically advanced equipment to select a single sperm and injecting into the egg.