Question

Important site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is
A) Lysosome
B) Vacuole
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Plastid

Answer 1

Hint:Membrane lipids other than phospholipids are glycolipids in animals. Glycoproteins refer to a class of proteins which have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain.

Complete answer:
Glycoproteins contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to amino acid side-chains. The carbohydrate is attached to protein in cotranslational modification and the process is known as glycosylation.
Types of glycosylation are:-
->Glycosidic bond- the site of glycan linkage.
->N-glycosylation, sugars are attached to the nitrogen atom on the amide side chain of asparagine.
->O-glycosylation, sugars are attached to oxygen atoms on serine or threonine, tyrosine, hydroxyproline.
->P-glycosylation, sugars are attached to phosphorus.
->C-glycosylation, sugars are attached to carbon directly like addition of mannose to tryptophan.
->In S-glycosylation, beta-GlcNAc is attached to the sulfur atom.
The main function of glycolipids in body are:-
>Cell-cell interactions
>Immune responses
The glycoproteins found in the body is mucins, secreted in the mucus of the respiratory as well as digestive tracts. Glycoproteins are important for white blood cell recognition. Some of the examples of glycoproteins in the immune system are antibodies, major histocompatibility complex, gonadotropins etc. Hormones that are glycoproteins include Follicle stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone, Thyroid stimulating hormone, Erythropoietin.
Golgi apparatus performs glycosyl transferase activity for addition of glycans on lipids and proteins. Glycolipids and glycoproteins are formed in the golgi apparatus.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘C’ Golgi apparatus.

Note:Plastids serve the storage of important chemical compounds used by the cells of eukaryotes. They are the double-membrane organelle and contain pigments required for the process of photosynthesis.