Question

What is the importance of biotechnology application in medicine? How does biotechnology help in the production of human insulin?

Answer 1

Hint: Biotechnology comprises principles of biology and application of technology for the welfare of the world. In medicinal sciences, it has a number of applications. For example, by applying biotechnology principles, human insulin can be produced.

Complete answer:
Biotechnology is commonly used in various fields to produce useful products for human benefit, such as medicine, agriculture, food processing, etc. In the field of medicine, biotechnology has a number of uses. Some of the applications of biotechnology in medicine are: Production of recombinant insulin or human insulin, gene therapy, development of vaccines (oral or edible), in the field of pharmacogenomics, for the purpose of molecular diagnosis etc. The biosynthetic human insulin has greater purity in contrast to animal insulin, thereby reducing the production of antibodies. In E.coli bacteria, the specific gene sequence which codes for human insulin was introduced. The gene sequence of the E.coli cells altered their genetic makeup and several E.coli bacteria containing the human recombinant insulin gene were produced within 24 hours. The human recombinant insulin was isolated from the cells of E.coli.

Note:
 Biotechnology is a wide-ranging area concerned with the exploitation of living organisms in order to produce goods that are useful for sustainable growth. Cellular and molecular processes are used to produce goods and innovations that may help enhance human life on earth. It has a number of applications that concentrate on human welfare.