Question

Ileum is characterised by the presence of
a) Brunner's glands and villi
b) Brunner's gland and Peyer's patches
c) Peyer's patches and villi
d) Brunner's gland and Taenia coli

Answer 1

Hint: Small intestine is one of the most important organs of the digestive system that plays a major role in the food digestion process. Here, the majority of food is digested, that is, broken down in simpler form.

Complete Solution:
The small intestine is present below the stomach. It appears to be wrapped in between the muscles of the large intestine. It is the longest organ of the body that extends upto seven meters in humans. It consists of several brush-like muscular structures on its inner wall called villi. They increase its surface area that makes the absorption process easy. Other than this, the small intestine is divided into three parts. These are:
Duodenum: It is the starting part of the intestine that connects to the stomach through pylorus. It is concerned with absorption of Iron and vitamin B9.
Jejunum: It is the middle portion of the small intestine. It is present in the left side of the abdominal cavity. It is concerned with absorption of vitamin B9, sugars, amino acids, etc.
Ileum: It is the last portion of the small intestine. It extends to join with the large intestine through the ileocecal valve. It is concerned with absorption of vitamin B12, bile salts and undigested food of jejunum. It also consists of some patches called Peyer's patches. These are lymphatic tissues by origin that are concerned with managing and monitoring of intestinal bacterias. They eradicate pathogens to avoid any kind of health issue for the body. Therefore, we can say that option C is the correct answer as ileum consists of both Peyer's patches and villi.

Note:
Brunner's glands are present in the duodenum. They are concerned with managing the acidic content of fluid released from the stomach that is chyme. Taenia coli are present in the large intestine that are concerned with maintaining peristaltic movement of large intestine muscles.