Question

If this enzyme is absent in our small intestine , digestion of protein in our body will be severely affected. Identify the enzyme.
A. Pancreatic amylase
B. Maltase
C. Lipase
D. Enterokinase

Answer 1

Hint: The overall absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place in the small intestine or small bowel of gastrointestinal tract..It lies between the stomach and the large intestine and, through the pancreatic duct, obtains bile and pancreatic juice to help digestion.

Complete Answer:
- The small intestine, preceded in turn by the large intestine, is the part of the gastrointestinal tract that follows the stomach.The mean length of the small intestine is 6.9 m (22 feet, 6 inches) for an adult human male, and 7.1 m (23 feet, 4 inches) for an adult female.The duodenum, jejunum , and ileum separate the small intestine.Projections called villi, which increase the surface area of the tissue available to absorb nutrients from the gut contents, cover much of the small intestine.
1. Duodenum: The first component of the small intestine that begins and stretches to the jejunum at the lower end of the stomach.
2. Ileum: The last division of the small intestine, usually the longest; the section between the jejunum and the large intestine.
3. Jejunum: The middle of the three small intestine divisions that lie between the duodenum and the ileum.
- In the small intestine, most digestion takes place chemically. The pancreas secretes most of the digestive enzymes in the small intestine and enters the tiny intestine through the pancreatic duct.
- In response to the hormone cholecystokinin, which is formed in response to the presence of nutrients, these enzymes enter the small intestine. The secretin hormone also triggers the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralise the potentially harmful acid coming from the stomach
- Proteins, lipids ( fats), and carbohydrates are the three main groups of nutrients that undergo digestion.
- Proteins: Until absorption, proteins are degraded into tiny peptides and amino acids. In the stomach, their chemical degradation starts and continues into the big intestine.
- The proteolytic enzymes are secreted by the pancreas, including trypsin which chymotrypsin, and cleave proteins into smaller peptides. The pancreatic brush boundary enzyme Carboxypeptidase breaks one amino acid at a time.
- The final amino acid products are liberated by aminopeptidase and dipeptidase.In the anterior part of the small intestine, trypsin has an important function in the digestion of proteins. It stimulates other proteases in the juice of the pancreas as well. Consequently, the mechanism of transforming dipeptides to amino acids would not be impaired by the absence of enterokinase.

The correct Answer is option (D) Enterokinase.

Note: A type of protein contained inside a cell is an enzyme. In the body, enzymes create chemical reactions. In order to help sustain life, they literally accelerate the rate of a chemical reaction. The form of an enzyme is tied to its function. Enzymes can be harmed by sun, sickness, or harsh chemical conditions and alter their shape. An enzyme doesn't function anymore when this happens. This impacts the functions of the body that the enzyme has helped sustain.