Question

If the thallus of an organism, e.g., a fungus is entirely converted into one or more reproductive structures, it is called as
A. Eucarpic
B. Holocarpic
C. Holozoic
D. Homothallic

Answer 1

Hint: Thallus, algae, fungi and other lower organism plant body that was formerly assigned to the obsolete Thallophyta group. A thallus is made up of cell filaments or plates and varies in size from a single-cell structure to a complicated tree-like shape. These reproductive structures are present in lower fungi.

Complete answer: In holocarpic, the thallus is more or less a spherical, single-cell structure in some of the lower fungi, such as Chytrids. It becomes a reproductive unit at the time of reproduction. The latter creates cells that are asexual or sexual. The fungi that have such structures are called holocarpic fungi.
a) Eucarpic- An eucarpic fungus is a fungus that differentiates only a part of the thallus to form a reproductive system or structures.
B) Holozoic: Holozoic nutrition is a mode of nutrition that involves ingestion, digestion, absorption, and assimilation of liquid or solid organic material. It requires taking and turning complicated substances into simpler types. Proteins, for instance, are broken down into amino acids.
c) Homothallic: Homothallic refers to the possession of both male and female reproductive systems on the same thallus. Different cells in one single mycelium perform the opposite sexual functions.
Hence, the correct answer is option B.

Additional information: In eucarpic fungi, the fruiting body grows into just a portion of the thallus. Homothallic means when the same thallus is found in both male and female reproductive organs. Holozoic is a form of nutrition in which solid particle engulfing takes place.

Note: A fungus can reproduce both sexually as well as asexually. However, there is another breeding group in which the body of the vegetative plant divides and grows into a new organism of the same genus. The entire thallus is converted into one or more reproductive bodies for some fungi, such as Synchytrium.