Question

If the Testa is removed from the gram seed soaked in water, the remaining part is:
A. Cotyledons only
B. Endosperm and cotyledons only
C. Embryo in kernel
D. Chalaza only

Answer 1

Hint:
We can say that the testa is the outer layer of any seed. The main function of testa is to guard the embryo in contradiction of contrary conservational circumstances. The role of testa which presents in the seed is to control the process of germination through the imposition of dormancy. It can do so by limiting the unfavorable action of physical and genetic agents in the duration of the seed storage.

Complete answer:
One of the examples of the non-endospermic and dicotyledonous type of seed can be a gram seed. However, these dicotyledonous seeds do not characterize embryos in the kernel.
On perceiving carefully, we can say that only the seed coat is removed, when gram seed is soaked in water. We know that the embryo in dicotyledonous seeds is covered with a seed coat. One embryonal axis and two cotyledons are present in the Embryo of dicotyledonous seeds. However, after the removal of the seeds coat, the cotyledons are unprotected and revealed, also, a part of the embryonal axis, that is, radicle obtrudes external to the cotyledons.
The opposite of the micropyle foundation of the integuments is the location of Chalaza. We can say that this is also the point where the union of integuments and nucellus takes place. On observing, it is the point located below the ovary.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Note: It is said that the testa is derived from the ovular tissue and is, therefore, it is from the maternal origin. We know that the aleurone layer of developed seeds is physiologically energetic, in distinction to the testa layers. The cells of testa layers die during late seed maturation.