Question

Identify the stage of mitosis with its characteristics.

A) Metaphase - Chromosomes moved to spindle equator, chromosomes made up of two sister chromatids.
B) Anaphase - Centromeres split and chromatids separate and start moving away.
C) Late prophase - Chromosomes move to spindle equator
D) Metaphase - Spindle fibers attached to kinetochores, centromeres split and chromatids separate.

Answer 1

Hint: Mitosis is the process of cell division in which a single parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Mitosis is significant for growth, development and repair of the body. It consists of four main phases- prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Complete answer:
To answer this question, we must know about the different stages of mitosis.
-Mitosis takes place in two phases-
- Karyokinesis or the division of nucleus
- Cytokinesis is the division of cytoplasm.

Karyokinesis is the most important part of the cell division as it involves division of the nucleus. It is divided into four stages-
Prophase: During this phase the chromosome condenses and is visible. The centrosomes move towards the pole. The spindle fibres start to form from the centrosome. The kinetochores appear at the centromeres and are attached to the spindle. (Statement C is incorrect)
Metaphase: This is a very important phase at which the chromosomes arrange themselves at the equator. Each chromosome is made up of two sister chromatids. The chromatids are attached to the spindle fibres which originate from the poles. (Statement A is correct)
Anaphase- In this phase, the centromeres split into two and the sister chromatids are pulled towards the opposite pole. (Statement B is incorrect)
Telophase-Chromosomes reach the poles and begin to decondense. Nuclear membranes start developing which surrounds each set of chromosomes. Spindle breaks and pushes the poles apart. (Statement D is incorrect)
Cytokinesis- A cleavage furrow forms which separates the daughter cells.
The Mitosis is represented by the figure below.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note: During metaphase the nuclear membrane disappears and the chromosomes lie at the cytoplasm. The condensation of the chromatin helps in making the chromosome visible. The spindle fibres are developed from the microtubules.